![]() ![]() We focus on a few key ethical issues concerning childhood immunization in the United States-what we refer to as a “vaccine ethics” approach-and describe how such an approach affects policy development and clinical immunization practice. There are a myriad of ethical issues regarding such topics as vaccination development, administration, communication, and safety monitoring. 6 In light of these developments, we discuss several key ethical issues concerning childhood immunization in the United States and describe how they affect policy development and clinical practice. 4,5 Political candidates have expressed various viewpoints on vaccination. ![]() A recent study attributed the outbreak to underimmunization, 3 and several policymakers have called for an end to religious and philosophical (i.e., personal-belief) exemptions altogether, with the state of California passing legislation removing the option of personal-belief exemptions. Updated PHE monitoring of the early impact and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in England, March 2021 - title of figure 1 corrected.Īdded link 'Vaccine effectiveness with B.1.617.2 variant'.Īdded link to weekly surveillance report.Īdded link to the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines on mortality study, effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against hospitalisation study and summary of evidence on vaccine effectiveness against different outcomes.Īdded link to 'Impact of vaccination on household transmission of SARS-COV-2 in England'.Īdded links to the VIVALDI and Avon CAP studies.Īdded December 2020 to March 2021 report.Īdded link to Early effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in older adults.Īdded Impact of COVID-19 vaccines on mortality in England: December 2020 to February 2021.Īdded latest version of report and link to seroprevalence document.Following the December 2014 measles outbreak at a popular amusement park in California, 1,2 which spread to other states, Canada, and Mexico, there has been increased attention to US childhood immunization practices. ![]() Added link to 'vaccine effectiveness and duration of protection study'.Īdded link to Different dosing schedules and vaccine effectiveness study.Īdded link to vaccine effectiveness in clinical risk groups report.Īdded 'Direct and indirect impact of the vaccination programme on COVID-19 infections and mortality' report.Īdded link to 'Vaccine effectiveness with Delta variant'. ![]()
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